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<article id="post-如何备份掘金上的博客？用node写个爬虫吧~" class="h-entry article article-type-post" itemprop="blogPost" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/BlogPosting">
  
    
   
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        如何备份掘金上的博客？用node写个爬虫吧~
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          <p>「这是我参与2022首次更文挑战的第11天，活动详情查看：<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://juejin.cn/post/7052884569032392740" title="https://juejin.cn/post/7052884569032392740">2022首次更文挑战</a>」</p>
<p>之前一直在掘金记录博客，这两天打算把自己的个人博客建起来，把掘金上的都备份过去。看了一下不知不觉已经写了不少了，于是第一个想法便是写个爬虫把文章爬下来，自动生成markdown文件。</p>
<h2 id="文章的id和请求"><a href="#文章的id和请求" class="headerlink" title="文章的id和请求"></a>文章的id和请求</h2><p><code>https://juejin.cn/post/7057816301078577159</code>最后便的数字大概率是文章的id了，因此首先是找自己所有文章的id。</p>
<p>文章管理页面能找到一个列表的请求<code>/article/list_by_user</code>,是一个分页，这里可以写个脚本或手动请求拿到所有的文章id。</p>
<p>于是第一行代码就出来了：</p>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">let</span> ids = [...];</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>这一步不是重点，重点是获取文章的内容。</p>
<h2 id="获取文章内容"><a href="#获取文章内容" class="headerlink" title="获取文章内容"></a>获取文章内容</h2><p>首先得找到是哪个接口获取了文章的内容。原本以为是ssr，但是html请求返回的数据似乎并没有做服务端渲染。</p>
<p><img src="./../imgs/bf9e9b12206f47aaa241a0ab36fdce35.png" alt="image.png"></p>
<p>排查了一波接口，也都没有发现哪个接口能返回文章内容数据，只好又回到html文档请求上，终于在响应里找到了这个：</p>
<p><img src="./../imgs/b4009d0f599c4ac39009eef3265d140e.png" alt="image.png"></p>
<p>掘金并没有使用典型的服务端渲染，他们将文章内容放在了一段脚本里。可以先把里面的内容爬下来，然后用cheerio获取到那个script的内容。</p>
<figure class="highlight ini"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">let <span class="attr">url</span> = <span class="string">&quot;https://juejin.cn/post/&quot;</span> + id<span class="comment">;</span></span><br><span class="line">axios.get(url).then((res) =&gt; &#123;</span><br><span class="line">        const $ = cheerio.load(res.data)<span class="comment">;</span></span><br><span class="line">        let <span class="attr">str</span> = $(<span class="string">&quot;body script&quot;</span>)[<span class="number">0</span>].children[<span class="number">0</span>].data<span class="comment">;</span></span><br><span class="line">        ...</span><br><span class="line">&#125;)<span class="comment">;</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>cheerio可以将文本解析为dom，并能够让你以jQuery的语法进行操作。</p>
<h2 id="使用AST解析js脚本"><a href="#使用AST解析js脚本" class="headerlink" title="使用AST解析js脚本"></a>使用AST解析js脚本</h2><p>这段脚本内容非常长，字段很多，要用正则匹配出对应的文本，可能会有些棘手，因此选择用AST语法树解析。 <img src="./../imgs/378d8fac26cd462790f75e6ae448bf23.png" alt="image.png"> 写过babel插件的一定很熟练这个套路了：</p>
<ol>
<li>借助<a href="https://astexplorer.net%2F" title="https://astexplorer.net/">astexplorer.net&#x2F;</a> 格式化代码，并找到对应的节点和位置：</li>
</ol>
<p><img src="./../imgs/9f72aa0dd7eb47db9af5f3d0d6a29c87.png" alt="image.png"></p>
<p><img src="./../imgs/0bd071595c974b6eb36ed0b4ba7c22b3.png" alt="image.png"></p>
<ol start="2">
<li>使用解析器遍历得到我们想要的节点内容 这里可以使用babel，不过内容并不复杂，可以直接用更底层的acorn。(babel使用的解析器是<strong>babylon</strong>，后更名为  <strong>@babel&#x2F;parser</strong>，而babylon是基于<strong>acorn</strong>)</li>
</ol>
<p>核心代码如下：</p>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">let</span> ast = acorn.<span class="title function_">parse</span>(str, &#123; <span class="attr">ecmaVersion</span>: <span class="number">2020</span> &#125;);</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">if</span> (ast) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">let</span> ps =</span><br><span class="line">        ast.<span class="property">body</span>[<span class="number">0</span>].<span class="property">expression</span>.<span class="property">right</span>.<span class="property">callee</span>.<span class="property">body</span>.<span class="property">body</span>[<span class="number">0</span>].<span class="property">argument</span>.<span class="property">properties</span>;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">let</span> state = ps.<span class="title function_">find</span>(<span class="function">(<span class="params">item</span>) =&gt;</span> item.<span class="property">key</span>.<span class="property">name</span> == <span class="string">&quot;state&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">let</span> view = state.<span class="property">value</span>.<span class="property">properties</span>.<span class="title function_">find</span>(<span class="function"><span class="params">item</span> =&gt;</span> item.<span class="property">key</span>.<span class="property">name</span> == <span class="string">&#x27;view&#x27;</span>)</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">let</span> column = view.<span class="property">value</span>.<span class="property">properties</span>.<span class="title function_">find</span>(<span class="function"><span class="params">item</span> =&gt;</span> item.<span class="property">key</span>.<span class="property">name</span> == <span class="string">&#x27;column&#x27;</span>)</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">let</span> entry = column.<span class="property">value</span>.<span class="property">properties</span>.<span class="title function_">find</span>(<span class="function"><span class="params">item</span> =&gt;</span> item.<span class="property">key</span>.<span class="property">name</span> == <span class="string">&#x27;entry&#x27;</span>)</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">let</span> article_info = entry.<span class="property">value</span>.<span class="property">properties</span>.<span class="title function_">find</span>(<span class="function"><span class="params">item</span> =&gt;</span> item.<span class="property">key</span>.<span class="property">name</span> == <span class="string">&#x27;article_info&#x27;</span>)</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">let</span> mark_content = article_info.<span class="property">value</span>.<span class="property">properties</span>.<span class="title function_">find</span>(<span class="function"><span class="params">item</span> =&gt;</span> item.<span class="property">key</span>.<span class="property">name</span> == <span class="string">&#x27;mark_content&#x27;</span>)</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">let</span> title = article_info.<span class="property">value</span>.<span class="property">properties</span>.<span class="title function_">find</span>(<span class="function"><span class="params">item</span> =&gt;</span> item.<span class="property">key</span>.<span class="property">name</span> == <span class="string">&#x27;title&#x27;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">let</span> t = title.<span class="property">value</span>.<span class="property">value</span> + <span class="string">&#x27;.md&#x27;</span>;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">// 非法文件名</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">let</span> filePath = <span class="string">&#x27;./blogs/&#x27;</span> + t.<span class="title function_">replace</span>(<span class="regexp">/[\\\/\:\*\?\&quot;&lt;&gt;]/g</span>,<span class="string">&#x27; &#x27;</span>);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    fs.<span class="title function_">writeFile</span>(filePath, mark_content.<span class="property">value</span>.<span class="property">value</span>, <span class="function">(<span class="params">err</span>) =&gt;</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">if</span> (!err) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(<span class="string">`<span class="subst">$&#123;t&#125;</span>：done`</span>)</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="title function_">syncBlob</span>(index+<span class="number">1</span>)</span><br><span class="line">        &#125; <span class="keyword">else</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="variable language_">console</span>.<span class="title function_">log</span>(err)</span><br><span class="line">        &#125;</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>解析出文章标题和内容后就写入文件。需要注意的是，如果用解析出的文章标题作为文件名，可能有一些字符无法用作文件名，需要处理一下。</p>
<p>最后效果如下：</p>
<p><img src="./../imgs/d29604aaea8d405183b8273b0578eab3.png" alt="image.png"></p>

        
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